• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs are abundant environme

  2024-05-07

  

  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic matter, combustion engines, residential heating, Navitoclax synthesis burning, and industrial activities (Gelboin, 1980; Phillips, 1999, Phillips, 2002). Some PAH

• Ozone induced innate inflammatory responses in the

  2024-05-07

  

  Ozone-induced innate inflammatory responses in the lung involve neutrophil extravasation through enhanced trans-endothelial migration (Krishna et al., 1997). Catecholamines and glucocorticoids, which are increased by ozone inhalation (Bass et al., 2013, Miller et al., 2015, Miller et al., 2016a, Mil

• AMPK is a serine threonine protein kinase composed

  2024-05-07

  

  AMPK is a serine/threonine protein kinase composed of a catalytic α subunit with the activating phosphorylation site (Thr172) and two regulatory subunits, β and γ. The two AMPK variants, α1 and α2, show different cellular localization in mammalian cells. AMPKα2 is detected in nuclear and non-nuclear

• Given these findings above we hypothesized that

  2024-05-07

  

  Given these findings above, we hypothesized that hypernociception produced by intra-amygdala 8-OH-DPAT is result of hyperpolarization in this area. This neuronal inhibition of the amygdaloid complex might result in an inactivation of crucial neurotransmitter systems of the descending inhibitory pain

• br Acknowledgement br Introduction There has

  2024-05-07

  

  Acknowledgement Introduction There has been great progress in the treatment of autoimmune disease during the past several decades. However, the majority of autoimmune diseases have no known cure. B lymphocytes and autoantibodies play important roles in many autoimmune diseases, including rheum

• Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune

  2024-05-07

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic Deferiprone receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG. Ex

• AP activation is known to upregulate downstream

  2024-05-06

  

  AP-1 activation is known to upregulate downstream target genes including azd2171 D1, c-myc, Bcl-xl, MMP-9, EGFR, and specific miRNAs that are involved in progression and metastasis of tumors. Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase-2 has been shown as a downstream gene of AP-1, triggered by 15-HETE in t

• Although several different membrane estrogen receptors have

  2024-05-06

  

  Although several different membrane estrogen receptors have been reported (Qiu et al., 2008; Revankar et al., 2005), a large percentage of membrane-initiated steroid hormone signaling appears to be performed by a subpopulation of the same receptors that act in the nucleus. Specifically, estrogen rec

• Heparin To enhance the accuracy of

  2024-05-06

  

  To enhance the accuracy of SEs in eliminating cancer cells, the mAb recognized by specific Heparin on tumor cells were fused with SEs. Fab C215 or C242 fused with SEA promoted apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells via Fas (Dohlsten et al., 1994, Litton et al., 1996). SEB-incorporated exosomes we

• br Acknowledgments and Disclosures br Introduction Over the

  2024-05-06

  

  Acknowledgments and Disclosures Introduction Over the last decade, the most visible strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been amyloid β peptide (Aβ) immunotherapy (reviewed in [1]). Although the first efforts with Aβ immunotherapy failed to complete clinical trials [1], A

• The increased occurrence of ARIA E in

  2024-05-06

  

  The increased occurrence of ARIA-E in APOE ε4 carriers in phase 2 studies resulted in separate protocols for carriers and noncarriers in the subsequent phase 3 studies. Two 18-month trials comprising 1121 carriers and 1331 noncarriers with mild to moderate AD tested doses of bapineuzumab that varied

• Whereas allostery in the cell is relatively understudied sig

  2024-05-06

  

  Whereas allostery in the β cell is relatively understudied, significant progress has been made in understanding the physiology and mechanistic biology of how AMPK and its upstream kinases govern β cell function. LKB1 phosphorylates AMPKα at Thr172 [21], and loss of LKB1 in β cells abolishes phosphor

• br Experimental methods br Acknowledgments br Introduction

  2024-05-06

  

  Experimental methods Acknowledgments Introduction Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) at excitatory synapses are thought to underlie experience-dependent learning and memory. These synaptic plasticity mechanisms are best characterized at hippocampal CA1 synapses, whe

• The AR signalling pathways play important roles in several

  2024-05-06

  

  The AR signalling pathways play important roles in several physiopathological processes associated with ischaemia, inflammation, and tumourigenesis [35]. Moreover, A3AR is overexpressed in different tumour 65 0 and seems implicated in pro- or anti-apoptotic effects [36]. In particular, activation o

• br Materials and methods br Results Bilateral

  2024-05-03

  

  Materials and methods Results Bilateral microinjections (n = 6) of 10 mM ACh (300–500 pmol) and 5 mM physostigmine (150–250 pmol) at the two selected caudal NTS sites caused within 1 min significant increases in respiratory frequency (from 54.5 ± 1.7 to 70.9 ± 4.1 breaths/min; +30.8 ± 7.0%; P 

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