• br Acknowledgment br Introduction Vascular

  2024-05-08

  

  Acknowledgment Introduction Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) exhibit the capacity to switch between a differentiated (contractile) and a dedifferentiated (synthetic) phenotype [1]. Synthetic VSMC express a lower amount of contractile proteins such as Smooth muscle 22α (sm22α) and α-Smooth m

• Compounds are representatives of an array of MBG targets rel

  2024-05-08

  

  Compounds – are representatives of an array of MBG targets (, ) related to imidazole standard that were synthesized and initially tested in a rat CYP17 lyase screening assay (). The inhibitors were synthesized as racemates by coupling of 6,7-dimethoxy-naphthalene-2-isopropyl ketone with the requisi

• Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the lysoso

  2024-05-08

  

  Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the lysosomal α-1,4-glucosidase that makes the d-cycloserine unable to hydrolyze glycogen to glucose, thereby resulting in the accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes, especially in skeletal muscles and cardiac tissues. This accumulation results in th

• GABAB receptor is associated with

  2024-05-07

  

  GABAB receptor is associated with p-Cresyl sulfate and behavioral diseases, including epilepsy, spasticity, anxiety and neuropathic pain (Bettler et al., 2004, Bowery et al., 2002, Froestl, 2010). Baclofen, a clinical drug and selective GABAB receptor agonist, is used to treat muscle spasticity in

• The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first

  2024-05-07

  

  The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase-independent death effector. AIF can induce caspase-independent chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation to approximately 50 KB. AIF that is released to cytoplasm can mediate apoptosis when special extracellular signals trigger the o

• The specific functions of ERs and AR

  2024-05-07

  

  The specific functions of ERs and AR underline their crucial roles during different phases of spermatogenesis. Their deregulation could affect numerous downstream targets, thereby, disrupting spermatogenesis and male fertility. Various studies have shown that estrogen-like chemicals in the environme

• From a clinical utility standpoint

  2024-05-07

  

  From a clinical utility standpoint, this study showed that AR can be useful in the GATA3-positive tumor of unknown origin setting. Epidemiologically, in this setting, the top 2 diagnoses in the differential diagnosis are metastatic carcinoma of breast origin or urothelial origin [18]. Seven out of 1

• Linagliptin is a recently approved dipeptidyl

  2024-05-07

  

  Linagliptin is a recently approved dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and widely considered as first-line treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes. DPP-4 is responsible for the inactivation of incretin hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is released by the intestine aft

• In conclusion we show that

  2024-05-07

  

  In conclusion, we show that HBP1 is phosphorylated on three sites, which control HBP1 transcriptional activity and glioblastoma cell proliferation. This phosphorylation largely depends on AKT, although other kinases may also be involved. In a previous study, we had shown that the PI3K-AKT pathway re

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs are abundant environme

  2024-05-07

  

  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic matter, combustion engines, residential heating, Navitoclax synthesis burning, and industrial activities (Gelboin, 1980; Phillips, 1999, Phillips, 2002). Some PAH

• Ozone induced innate inflammatory responses in the

  2024-05-07

  

  Ozone-induced innate inflammatory responses in the lung involve neutrophil extravasation through enhanced trans-endothelial migration (Krishna et al., 1997). Catecholamines and glucocorticoids, which are increased by ozone inhalation (Bass et al., 2013, Miller et al., 2015, Miller et al., 2016a, Mil

• AMPK is a serine threonine protein kinase composed

  2024-05-07

  

  AMPK is a serine/threonine protein kinase composed of a catalytic α subunit with the activating phosphorylation site (Thr172) and two regulatory subunits, β and γ. The two AMPK variants, α1 and α2, show different cellular localization in mammalian cells. AMPKα2 is detected in nuclear and non-nuclear

• Given these findings above we hypothesized that

  2024-05-07

  

  Given these findings above, we hypothesized that hypernociception produced by intra-amygdala 8-OH-DPAT is result of hyperpolarization in this area. This neuronal inhibition of the amygdaloid complex might result in an inactivation of crucial neurotransmitter systems of the descending inhibitory pain

• br Acknowledgement br Introduction There has

  2024-05-07

  

  Acknowledgement Introduction There has been great progress in the treatment of autoimmune disease during the past several decades. However, the majority of autoimmune diseases have no known cure. B lymphocytes and autoantibodies play important roles in many autoimmune diseases, including rheum

• Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune

  2024-05-07

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic Deferiprone receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG. Ex

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